https://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/~cinichol/CreativeWriting/323/WhiteTrashHaiku.htm
https://travelswithace.com/
https://twitter.com/whitetrashhaiku
http://allowe.com/laughs/book/Redneck%20Haiku.htm
Showing posts with label Links. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Links. Show all posts
Friday, March 13, 2020
Wednesday, February 26, 2020
Malassezia: Clipped Abstracts and Links
Good descriptions of Malassezia
Excellent, Clear Article:
http://flash.lymenet.org/scripts/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=1;t=130660;p=0
_________________________________________
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/malassezia
Malassezia yeasts play a pathogenic role in pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis, seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff, but have also been implicated in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and several other skin diseases. Rarely, they can cause severe systemic infections in premature neonates and immunosuppressed patients.
Malassezia is a dimorphic lipophilic yeast of the genus Malassezia, which colonizes the stratum corneum and forms part of the commensal flora of the skin.68
From: Clinical Mycology (Second Edition), 2009
Diseases Caused by Malassezia Species in Human Beings
M. Dolenc-Voljč, in The Microbiology of Skin, Soft Tissue, Bone and Joint Infections, 2017
Abstract
Malassezia yeasts are members of normal cutaneous microflora in humans and many domestic and wild animals. As lipophilic fungi, they colonize skin rich in sebaceous glands. They are considered opportunistic pathogens that may cause, under favorable circumstances, various skin diseases. Recent molecular techniques have resulted in the revision of the genus Malassezia. Fourteen different species have been recognized so far. Malassezia globosa, Malassezia restricta and Malassezia furfur are the most common species responsible for skin diseases in humans.
The interaction of Malassezia yeasts with the skin is complex and involves inflammatory, immunological and metabolic pathways. Malassezia yeasts play a pathogenic role in pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis, seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff, but have also been implicated in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and several other skin diseases. Rarely, they can cause severe systemic infections in premature neonates and immunosuppressed patients. Treatment of Malassezia-related diseases is usually effective using topical or systemic azole antifungal drugs.
_____________________________________
Abstracts of articles on malessezia; Most of these articles relate to dogs and cats, but I've clipped some general statements.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
The pathogenesis of Malassezia yeasts.
Cafarchia C, Otranto D.
Abstract
The genus Malassezia includes twelve species of yeast, many of which have been mainly associated with human and canine diseases. Malassezia pachydermatis colonizes the skin and mucosal sites of healthy dogs and cats. Despite being part of the normal cutaneous microflora, Malassezia spp. yeast may become pathogenic under certain circumstances. This article reviews the factors related to both host and yeast which affect the pathogenical or commensal phenotypes of Malassezia yeasts.
PMID: 18693560
[Indexed for MEDLINE]
____________________________________
Abstract
Mycopathologia. 2005 Sep;160(2):143-9.
Occurrence and population size of Malassezia spp. in the external ear canal of dogs and cats both healthy and with otitis.
Cafarchia C, Gallo S, Capelli G, Otranto D.
Abstract
Malassezia yeasts are commensal organisms of human and animal skin that occasionally act as pathogens; lipid-dependent species are associated with human skin disorders. [...] (The rest of the abstract discusses the studies related to malassezia in the ears of dogs and cats).
_____________________________________
Format: Abstract
Send to
Mol Cell Probes. 2007 Jun;21(3):229-38. Epub 2007 Jan 23.
Molecular characterization of Malassezia isolates from dogs using three distinct genetic markers in nuclear DNA.
Cafarchia C, Stefania Latrofa M, Testini G, Parisi A, Guillot J, Gasser RB, Otranto D.
Abstract
Little precise information is available on the systematics, genetics, ecology and epidemiology of yeasts of the genus Malassezia from different animal species. [Animal-related studies; rest of abstract describes specific DNA studies.]
__________________________________
Abstract
Mol Cell Probes. 2011 Feb;25(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mcp.2010.12.003. Epub 2010 Dec 28.
Advances in the identification of Malassezia.
Cafarchia C, Gasser RB, Figueredo LA, Latrofa MS, Otranto D.
Abstract
Members of the genus Malassezia are lypophilic and/or lipid-dependent, unipolar budding yeasts that can become pathogenic under the influence of particular predisposing factors (e.g., changes in the cutaneous microenvironment and/or alterations in host defences). This genus comprises at least 14 species, which have been identified traditionally based on their morphology and biochemical features. However, phenetic characteristics often do not allow the identification or delineation of closely related Malassezia spp., such that molecular tools need to be used to assist in fundamental studies of the epidemiology and ecology of Malassezia as well as aspects of the pathogenesis and disease caused by members of this genus. This article briefly reviews the morphological and biochemical methods commonly used for the identification of Malassezia as well as DNA technological methods that have been established for the specific identification of members of this genus and the diagnosis of their infections. New avenues for the development of improved molecular-diagnostic methods to overcome diagnostic limitations and to underpin fundamental investigations of this interesting group of yeasts are proposed.
PMID: 21193026 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2010.12.003
[Indexed for MEDLINE]
_____________________________________
Abstract
Br J Dermatol. 2014 Feb;170(2):332-41. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12680.
Efficient identification of Malassezia yeasts by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).
Kolecka A, Khayhan K, Arabatzis M, Velegraki A, Kostrzewa M, Andersson A, Scheynius A, Cafarchia C, Iatta R, Montagna MT, Youngchim S, Cabañes FJ, Hoopman P, Kraak B, Groenewald M, Boekhout T.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Infections caused by Malassezia yeasts are most likely underdiagnosed, because fatty acid supplementation is needed for growth. Rapid identification of Malassezia species is essential for appropriate treatment of Malassezia-related skin infections, fungaemia and nosocomial outbreaks in neonates, children and adults and can be life-saving for those patients. Ma-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been reported to be a rapid and reliable diagnostic tool to identify clinically important yeasts, but so far no data have been reported on identification of Malassezia isolates with this technique.
[...]
________________________________
Abstract
Med Mycol. 2014 Apr;52(3):264-9. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myt004. Epub 2013 Dec 22.
Bloodstream infections by Malassezia and Candida species in critical care patients.
Iatta R, Cafarchia C, Cuna T, Montagna O, Laforgia N, Gentile O, Rizzo A, Boekhout T, Otranto D, Montagna MT.
Abstract
Despite being considered an emerging yeast related to immunocompromised individuals, severe infections by Malassezia furfur have not been evaluated.
__________________________________
Malassezia Infections in Humans and Animals: Pathophysiology, Detection, and Treatment
Aristea Velegraki, Claudia Cafarchia, Georgios Gaitanis, Roberta Iatta, and Teun Boekhout*
Joseph Heitman, Editor
This article has been cited by other articles in PMC.
Introduction
The fungal genus Malassezia comprises lipid-dependent and lipophilic yeast species that are part of the normal skin microbiota. The 14 species are classified in class Malasseziomycetes in the Ustilaginomycotina of Basidiomycota. Malassezia species can be involved in skin disorders, such as pityriasis versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis, atopic eczema, and folliculitis, and occur at higher population densities on scalps with dandruff than on scalps without dandruff. Occasionally, invasive infections by Malassezia pachydermatis and lipid-dependent Malassezia spp. occur in neonates, most often in those who are receiving intravenous lipid supplementation, or in immunocompromised patients receiving parenteral nutrition via a catheter. Malassezia spp. have not yet been cultured from the environment, but metagenomics identified Malassezia
phylotypes from terrestrial and marine habitats. For instance, Malassezia ribosomal DNA (rDNA) has been reported from soil nematodes, sponges, and rocks. Undeniably, much remains to be discovered about the spectrum of habitats exploited by Malassezia that would advance our knowledge on the ecological relationships between the Malassezia skin biotic community, their hosts, and the environment. The aim of this article is to review and discuss the literature available on the pathogenesis, detection, typing, and treatment of Malassezia infections in humans and animals.
Pathophysiology on Human Skin
The pathophysiology of Malassezia-caused or Malassezia-exacerbated skin conditions is largely unknown, owing to the complex interactions of this commensal with the skin, an organ that has been on the edge of extreme selection pressure during evolution. In healthy skin, Malassezia
yeasts exploit essential nutrients for their growth without inflicting disease. When this process is perturbed, Malassezia yeasts adapt by modifying the expression of enzymes involved in the acquisition of energy, such as lipases and phospholipases, and at the same time synthesize an array of bioactive indoles that act through the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which is expressed on almost all cell types found in the epidermis.
melanogenesis, and probably inhibit antagonist microbes.
A major challenge would be to comprehend the multifaceted interactions of Malassezia yeasts with the human skin during health and disease. These include (a) commensalism (healthy skin), as there is no strong evidence for a mutualistic or beneficial relationship of the Malassezia microbiome and the skin; (b) subtle alterations in the function of skin melanocytes, resulting in hypo- or hyperpigmented plaques with characteristic clinical absence of inflammation and mild alterations in the epidermal barrier function (pityriasis versicolor); (c) inflammation without generation of antibody-mediated immunity (seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff); (d) induction of specific immunity (atopic dermatitis); and (e) invasion and inflammation of the hair follicle (Malassezia folliculitis). Interestingly, the high lipase activity of M. globosa from folliculitis specimens during the summer months may be promoted by sweat components, such as sodium chloride and lactic acid, thus laying a framework for examining potential metabolome, structure and function relationships between M. globosa lipases and the human skin. In seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff, there is a difference in the quality of sebum lipids between healthy and diseased skin, while the expression and function of Malassezia lipases in addition to barrier function defects and individual susceptibility take part in the exacerbation of these conditions. Recently, culture and biopsy evidence supported an association of M. restricta and M. globosa with rare nipple hyperkeratotic lesions in young women, who responded to a combination therapy of oral itraconazole and topical ketoconazole. This denotes that the metabolome of strains involved in rare presentations of skin diseases should be thoroughly investigated, clearly in conjunction with key host and environmental factors.
In that respect, at least two Malassezia yeast metabolic pathways, i.e., phospholipase production and indole pigment synthesis, have been associated with strains isolated from human and animal diseased skin. Malassezia produces potent indolic AhR ligands, such as indirubin and indolo [3,2-b] carbazole (ICZ), which potentially modify the function of almost all cells found in the epidermis and express this receptor. In view of the AhR participation in (a) carcinogenesis, (b) immune regulation, and (c) the mediation of ultraviolet radiation damage, a hypothesis on the potential contribution of Malassezia yeasts in skin carcinogenesis has been formulated.
Risk Factors for Malassezia Fungemia and Disseminated Disease
Patients under total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and immunocompromised patients with increased length of stay (LOS) in intensive care units are at risk for Malassezia infections. Risk for Malassezia infections is also high in very-low-birth-weight infants (<1500 abdominal="" access="" acid="" adherence="" administration="" after="" and="" antibiotics="" antifungal="" as="" biofilm="" bowel="" broad-spectrum="" by="" catheter="" catheters.="" central="" coinfection="" colonization.="" colonization="" comprising="" compromised="" condition="" conjunction="" contribute="" corresponding="" degree="" delayed="" diagnosis="" diseases="" dissemination="" dosing="" endotracheal="" enhanced="" enterocolitis="" exposure="" factors="" favour="" focal="" followed="" formation="" fungemia="" further="" g="" gastric="" highest="" horizontal.="" host="" iatrogenic="" immature="" immunity="" in="" including="" infant="" infants.="" infection="" inhibitors="" injury="" insufficient="" intubation="" invasive="" is="" lead="" malassezia="" may="" mechanism="" necrotizing="" nutrition="" occasionally="" of="" or="" p="" parenteral="" pathogen="" perforation="" persistent="" poor="" postnatal="" premature="" prematurity="" processes.="" prognosis.="" proliferation="" properties="" removal="" result="" s="" skin="" steroids="" subsequent="" such="" surgery="" that="" the="" these="" tissue="" to="" transmission="" treatments="" use="" valve="" vascular="" vertical="" virulence="" with="">
_______________________________________
Excellent, Clear Article:
http://flash.lymenet.org/scripts/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=1;t=130660;p=0
_________________________________________
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/malassezia
Malassezia yeasts play a pathogenic role in pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis, seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff, but have also been implicated in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and several other skin diseases. Rarely, they can cause severe systemic infections in premature neonates and immunosuppressed patients.
Malassezia is a dimorphic lipophilic yeast of the genus Malassezia, which colonizes the stratum corneum and forms part of the commensal flora of the skin.68
From: Clinical Mycology (Second Edition), 2009
Diseases Caused by Malassezia Species in Human Beings
M. Dolenc-Voljč, in The Microbiology of Skin, Soft Tissue, Bone and Joint Infections, 2017
Abstract
Malassezia yeasts are members of normal cutaneous microflora in humans and many domestic and wild animals. As lipophilic fungi, they colonize skin rich in sebaceous glands. They are considered opportunistic pathogens that may cause, under favorable circumstances, various skin diseases. Recent molecular techniques have resulted in the revision of the genus Malassezia. Fourteen different species have been recognized so far. Malassezia globosa, Malassezia restricta and Malassezia furfur are the most common species responsible for skin diseases in humans.
The interaction of Malassezia yeasts with the skin is complex and involves inflammatory, immunological and metabolic pathways. Malassezia yeasts play a pathogenic role in pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis, seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff, but have also been implicated in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and several other skin diseases. Rarely, they can cause severe systemic infections in premature neonates and immunosuppressed patients. Treatment of Malassezia-related diseases is usually effective using topical or systemic azole antifungal drugs.
_____________________________________
Abstracts of articles on malessezia; Most of these articles relate to dogs and cats, but I've clipped some general statements.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
The pathogenesis of Malassezia yeasts.
Cafarchia C, Otranto D.
Abstract
The genus Malassezia includes twelve species of yeast, many of which have been mainly associated with human and canine diseases. Malassezia pachydermatis colonizes the skin and mucosal sites of healthy dogs and cats. Despite being part of the normal cutaneous microflora, Malassezia spp. yeast may become pathogenic under certain circumstances. This article reviews the factors related to both host and yeast which affect the pathogenical or commensal phenotypes of Malassezia yeasts.
PMID: 18693560
[Indexed for MEDLINE]
____________________________________
Abstract
Mycopathologia. 2005 Sep;160(2):143-9.
Occurrence and population size of Malassezia spp. in the external ear canal of dogs and cats both healthy and with otitis.
Cafarchia C, Gallo S, Capelli G, Otranto D.
Abstract
Malassezia yeasts are commensal organisms of human and animal skin that occasionally act as pathogens; lipid-dependent species are associated with human skin disorders. [...] (The rest of the abstract discusses the studies related to malassezia in the ears of dogs and cats).
_____________________________________
Format: Abstract
Send to
Mol Cell Probes. 2007 Jun;21(3):229-38. Epub 2007 Jan 23.
Molecular characterization of Malassezia isolates from dogs using three distinct genetic markers in nuclear DNA.
Cafarchia C, Stefania Latrofa M, Testini G, Parisi A, Guillot J, Gasser RB, Otranto D.
Abstract
Little precise information is available on the systematics, genetics, ecology and epidemiology of yeasts of the genus Malassezia from different animal species. [Animal-related studies; rest of abstract describes specific DNA studies.]
__________________________________
Abstract
Mol Cell Probes. 2011 Feb;25(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mcp.2010.12.003. Epub 2010 Dec 28.
Advances in the identification of Malassezia.
Cafarchia C, Gasser RB, Figueredo LA, Latrofa MS, Otranto D.
Abstract
Members of the genus Malassezia are lypophilic and/or lipid-dependent, unipolar budding yeasts that can become pathogenic under the influence of particular predisposing factors (e.g., changes in the cutaneous microenvironment and/or alterations in host defences). This genus comprises at least 14 species, which have been identified traditionally based on their morphology and biochemical features. However, phenetic characteristics often do not allow the identification or delineation of closely related Malassezia spp., such that molecular tools need to be used to assist in fundamental studies of the epidemiology and ecology of Malassezia as well as aspects of the pathogenesis and disease caused by members of this genus. This article briefly reviews the morphological and biochemical methods commonly used for the identification of Malassezia as well as DNA technological methods that have been established for the specific identification of members of this genus and the diagnosis of their infections. New avenues for the development of improved molecular-diagnostic methods to overcome diagnostic limitations and to underpin fundamental investigations of this interesting group of yeasts are proposed.
PMID: 21193026 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2010.12.003
[Indexed for MEDLINE]
_____________________________________
Abstract
Br J Dermatol. 2014 Feb;170(2):332-41. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12680.
Efficient identification of Malassezia yeasts by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).
Kolecka A, Khayhan K, Arabatzis M, Velegraki A, Kostrzewa M, Andersson A, Scheynius A, Cafarchia C, Iatta R, Montagna MT, Youngchim S, Cabañes FJ, Hoopman P, Kraak B, Groenewald M, Boekhout T.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Infections caused by Malassezia yeasts are most likely underdiagnosed, because fatty acid supplementation is needed for growth. Rapid identification of Malassezia species is essential for appropriate treatment of Malassezia-related skin infections, fungaemia and nosocomial outbreaks in neonates, children and adults and can be life-saving for those patients. Ma-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been reported to be a rapid and reliable diagnostic tool to identify clinically important yeasts, but so far no data have been reported on identification of Malassezia isolates with this technique.
[...]
________________________________
Abstract
Med Mycol. 2014 Apr;52(3):264-9. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myt004. Epub 2013 Dec 22.
Bloodstream infections by Malassezia and Candida species in critical care patients.
Iatta R, Cafarchia C, Cuna T, Montagna O, Laforgia N, Gentile O, Rizzo A, Boekhout T, Otranto D, Montagna MT.
Abstract
Despite being considered an emerging yeast related to immunocompromised individuals, severe infections by Malassezia furfur have not been evaluated.
__________________________________
Malassezia Infections in Humans and Animals: Pathophysiology, Detection, and Treatment
Aristea Velegraki, Claudia Cafarchia, Georgios Gaitanis, Roberta Iatta, and Teun Boekhout*
Joseph Heitman, Editor
This article has been cited by other articles in PMC.
Introduction
The fungal genus Malassezia comprises lipid-dependent and lipophilic yeast species that are part of the normal skin microbiota. The 14 species are classified in class Malasseziomycetes in the Ustilaginomycotina of Basidiomycota. Malassezia species can be involved in skin disorders, such as pityriasis versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis, atopic eczema, and folliculitis, and occur at higher population densities on scalps with dandruff than on scalps without dandruff. Occasionally, invasive infections by Malassezia pachydermatis and lipid-dependent Malassezia spp. occur in neonates, most often in those who are receiving intravenous lipid supplementation, or in immunocompromised patients receiving parenteral nutrition via a catheter. Malassezia spp. have not yet been cultured from the environment, but metagenomics identified Malassezia
phylotypes from terrestrial and marine habitats. For instance, Malassezia ribosomal DNA (rDNA) has been reported from soil nematodes, sponges, and rocks. Undeniably, much remains to be discovered about the spectrum of habitats exploited by Malassezia that would advance our knowledge on the ecological relationships between the Malassezia skin biotic community, their hosts, and the environment. The aim of this article is to review and discuss the literature available on the pathogenesis, detection, typing, and treatment of Malassezia infections in humans and animals.
Pathophysiology on Human Skin
The pathophysiology of Malassezia-caused or Malassezia-exacerbated skin conditions is largely unknown, owing to the complex interactions of this commensal with the skin, an organ that has been on the edge of extreme selection pressure during evolution. In healthy skin, Malassezia
yeasts exploit essential nutrients for their growth without inflicting disease. When this process is perturbed, Malassezia yeasts adapt by modifying the expression of enzymes involved in the acquisition of energy, such as lipases and phospholipases, and at the same time synthesize an array of bioactive indoles that act through the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which is expressed on almost all cell types found in the epidermis.
melanogenesis, and probably inhibit antagonist microbes.
A major challenge would be to comprehend the multifaceted interactions of Malassezia yeasts with the human skin during health and disease. These include (a) commensalism (healthy skin), as there is no strong evidence for a mutualistic or beneficial relationship of the Malassezia microbiome and the skin; (b) subtle alterations in the function of skin melanocytes, resulting in hypo- or hyperpigmented plaques with characteristic clinical absence of inflammation and mild alterations in the epidermal barrier function (pityriasis versicolor); (c) inflammation without generation of antibody-mediated immunity (seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff); (d) induction of specific immunity (atopic dermatitis); and (e) invasion and inflammation of the hair follicle (Malassezia folliculitis). Interestingly, the high lipase activity of M. globosa from folliculitis specimens during the summer months may be promoted by sweat components, such as sodium chloride and lactic acid, thus laying a framework for examining potential metabolome, structure and function relationships between M. globosa lipases and the human skin. In seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff, there is a difference in the quality of sebum lipids between healthy and diseased skin, while the expression and function of Malassezia lipases in addition to barrier function defects and individual susceptibility take part in the exacerbation of these conditions. Recently, culture and biopsy evidence supported an association of M. restricta and M. globosa with rare nipple hyperkeratotic lesions in young women, who responded to a combination therapy of oral itraconazole and topical ketoconazole. This denotes that the metabolome of strains involved in rare presentations of skin diseases should be thoroughly investigated, clearly in conjunction with key host and environmental factors.
In that respect, at least two Malassezia yeast metabolic pathways, i.e., phospholipase production and indole pigment synthesis, have been associated with strains isolated from human and animal diseased skin. Malassezia produces potent indolic AhR ligands, such as indirubin and indolo [3,2-b] carbazole (ICZ), which potentially modify the function of almost all cells found in the epidermis and express this receptor. In view of the AhR participation in (a) carcinogenesis, (b) immune regulation, and (c) the mediation of ultraviolet radiation damage, a hypothesis on the potential contribution of Malassezia yeasts in skin carcinogenesis has been formulated.
Risk Factors for Malassezia Fungemia and Disseminated Disease
Patients under total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and immunocompromised patients with increased length of stay (LOS) in intensive care units are at risk for Malassezia infections. Risk for Malassezia infections is also high in very-low-birth-weight infants (<1500 abdominal="" access="" acid="" adherence="" administration="" after="" and="" antibiotics="" antifungal="" as="" biofilm="" bowel="" broad-spectrum="" by="" catheter="" catheters.="" central="" coinfection="" colonization.="" colonization="" comprising="" compromised="" condition="" conjunction="" contribute="" corresponding="" degree="" delayed="" diagnosis="" diseases="" dissemination="" dosing="" endotracheal="" enhanced="" enterocolitis="" exposure="" factors="" favour="" focal="" followed="" formation="" fungemia="" further="" g="" gastric="" highest="" horizontal.="" host="" iatrogenic="" immature="" immunity="" in="" including="" infant="" infants.="" infection="" inhibitors="" injury="" insufficient="" intubation="" invasive="" is="" lead="" malassezia="" may="" mechanism="" necrotizing="" nutrition="" occasionally="" of="" or="" p="" parenteral="" pathogen="" perforation="" persistent="" poor="" postnatal="" premature="" prematurity="" processes.="" prognosis.="" proliferation="" properties="" removal="" result="" s="" skin="" steroids="" subsequent="" such="" surgery="" that="" the="" these="" tissue="" to="" transmission="" treatments="" use="" valve="" vascular="" vertical="" virulence="" with="">
_______________________________________
Tuesday, September 10, 2019
Brush Cleaner and Soap Recipes (Links)
http://www.brandonthomasart.com/diy-brush-cleaner.html
Easy brush cleaner recipe!
Video Tutorial for Soapmaking:
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=z090OAiQy1o
Easy brush cleaner recipe!
Video Tutorial for Soapmaking:
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=z090OAiQy1o
Sunday, November 6, 2016
Southern Skillet Cornbread - links to sites
Here are two Southern Cornbread recipes, NOT sweet! The bit of sugar just knocks the edge off the slight bitterness that cornmeal can have (making it taste more like old-fashioned stone-ground meal). The baking instructions are below the variations of ingredients.
RECIPE #1, SELF-RISING CORNMEAL
Prep: 15 minutes.
Cook: 20 minutes.
Yield: 8 servings.
1 cup self-rising cornmeal
¾ cup self-rising flour
1 tbsp sugar
¾ cup milk
1 large or extra-large egg
3 tbsp vegetable or canola oil
1 tbsp oil or bacon drippings (to coat skillet)
This is a lot like Mom's not sure if she puts any sugar, but I've tried similar recipe, and it is very good.
_________________________________
RECIPE #2, PLAIN CORNMEAL (OR CAN DO 1/2 FLOUR)
2 cups cornmeal
2 tsp baking soda
1 tsp salt
1 tbsp sugar
1 1/4 cups buttermilk
1 egg (optional)
6 tbsp unsalted butter, melted
1 tbsp bacon drippings (to coat skillet)
You can use 1/2 and 1/2 of corn meal and all-purpose flour instead of just corn meal. If using self-rising flour, leave out sale and baking soda.
ALL RECIPES:
Add oil or bacon drippings to 8-9" iron skillet. Place in oven. Preheat to 385°- 400°F.
Whisk together all DRY ingredients in med.-lg. bowl.
In small bowl: mix egg and milk until combined.
Mix/fold gently into bowl of dry ingredients. Stir in oil/melted butter.
Take the HOT SKILLET out of the oven. Add cornbread batter (distribute evenly in hot skillet).
BAKE 20-25 MINUTES.
Edges should be starting to brown; a toothpick inserted in center of bread will come out clean.
Cornbread should be nicely browned. If center is too pale, set the oven to broil and broil until the top is browned -- but watch carefully if you do this!
Leave in skillet, let cool 10-30 minutes, then slice into wedges.
TIP: USE OVEN MITT or put a handle cover on the skillet handle.
_________________________________________
Sites with similar or more recipes...
http://magnoliadays.com/2012/cornbread/
http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/southern_cornbread/
RECIPE #1, SELF-RISING CORNMEAL
Prep: 15 minutes.
Cook: 20 minutes.
Yield: 8 servings.
1 cup self-rising cornmeal
¾ cup self-rising flour
1 tbsp sugar
¾ cup milk
1 large or extra-large egg
3 tbsp vegetable or canola oil
1 tbsp oil or bacon drippings (to coat skillet)
This is a lot like Mom's not sure if she puts any sugar, but I've tried similar recipe, and it is very good.
_________________________________
RECIPE #2, PLAIN CORNMEAL (OR CAN DO 1/2 FLOUR)
2 cups cornmeal
2 tsp baking soda
1 tsp salt
1 tbsp sugar
1 1/4 cups buttermilk
1 egg (optional)
6 tbsp unsalted butter, melted
1 tbsp bacon drippings (to coat skillet)
You can use 1/2 and 1/2 of corn meal and all-purpose flour instead of just corn meal. If using self-rising flour, leave out sale and baking soda.
ALL RECIPES:
Add oil or bacon drippings to 8-9" iron skillet. Place in oven. Preheat to 385°- 400°F.
Whisk together all DRY ingredients in med.-lg. bowl.
In small bowl: mix egg and milk until combined.
Mix/fold gently into bowl of dry ingredients. Stir in oil/melted butter.
Take the HOT SKILLET out of the oven. Add cornbread batter (distribute evenly in hot skillet).
BAKE 20-25 MINUTES.
Edges should be starting to brown; a toothpick inserted in center of bread will come out clean.
Cornbread should be nicely browned. If center is too pale, set the oven to broil and broil until the top is browned -- but watch carefully if you do this!
Leave in skillet, let cool 10-30 minutes, then slice into wedges.
TIP: USE OVEN MITT or put a handle cover on the skillet handle.
_________________________________________
Sites with similar or more recipes...
http://magnoliadays.com/2012/cornbread/
http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/southern_cornbread/
Southern Skillet Cornbread - links to sites
Here are two Southern Cornbread recipes, NOT sweet! The bit of sugar just knocks the edge off the slight bitterness that cornmeal can have (making it taste more like old-fashioned stone-ground meal). The baking instructions are below the variations of ingredients.
RECIPE #1, SELF-RISING CORNMEAL
Prep: 15 minutes.
Cook: 20 minutes.
Yield: 8 servings.
1 cup self-rising cornmeal
¾ cup self-rising flour
1 tbsp sugar
¾ cup milk
1 large or extra-large egg
3 tbsp vegetable or canola oil
1 tbsp oil or bacon drippings (to coat skillet)
This is a lot like Mom's not sure if she puts any sugar, but I've tried similar recipe, and it is very good.
_________________________________
RECIPE #2, PLAIN CORNMEAL (OR CAN DO 1/2 FLOUR)
2 cups cornmeal
2 tsp baking soda
1 tsp salt
1 tbsp sugar
1 1/4 cups buttermilk
1 egg (optional)
6 tbsp unsalted butter, melted
1 tbsp bacon drippings (to coat skillet)
You can use 1/2 and 1/2 of corn meal and all-purpose flour instead of just corn meal. If using self-rising flour, leave out sale and baking soda.
ALL RECIPES:
Add oil or bacon drippings to 8-9" iron skillet. Place in oven. Preheat to 385°- 400°F.
Whisk together all DRY ingredients in med.-lg. bowl.
In small bowl: mix egg and milk until combined.
Mix/fold gently into bowl of dry ingredients. Stir in oil/melted butter.
Take the HOT SKILLET out of the oven. Add cornbread batter (distribute evenly in hot skillet).
BAKE 20-25 MINUTES.
Edges should be starting to brown; a toothpick inserted in center of bread will come out clean.
Cornbread should be nicely browned. If center is too pale, set the oven to broil and broil until the top is browned -- but watch carefully if you do this!
Leave in skillet, let cool 10-30 minutes, then slice into wedges.
TIP: USE OVEN MITT or put a handle cover on the skillet handle.
_________________________________________
Sites with similar or more recipes...
http://magnoliadays.com/2012/cornbread/
http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/southern_cornbread/
RECIPE #1, SELF-RISING CORNMEAL
Prep: 15 minutes.
Cook: 20 minutes.
Yield: 8 servings.
1 cup self-rising cornmeal
¾ cup self-rising flour
1 tbsp sugar
¾ cup milk
1 large or extra-large egg
3 tbsp vegetable or canola oil
1 tbsp oil or bacon drippings (to coat skillet)
This is a lot like Mom's not sure if she puts any sugar, but I've tried similar recipe, and it is very good.
_________________________________
RECIPE #2, PLAIN CORNMEAL (OR CAN DO 1/2 FLOUR)
2 cups cornmeal
2 tsp baking soda
1 tsp salt
1 tbsp sugar
1 1/4 cups buttermilk
1 egg (optional)
6 tbsp unsalted butter, melted
1 tbsp bacon drippings (to coat skillet)
You can use 1/2 and 1/2 of corn meal and all-purpose flour instead of just corn meal. If using self-rising flour, leave out sale and baking soda.
ALL RECIPES:
Add oil or bacon drippings to 8-9" iron skillet. Place in oven. Preheat to 385°- 400°F.
Whisk together all DRY ingredients in med.-lg. bowl.
In small bowl: mix egg and milk until combined.
Mix/fold gently into bowl of dry ingredients. Stir in oil/melted butter.
Take the HOT SKILLET out of the oven. Add cornbread batter (distribute evenly in hot skillet).
BAKE 20-25 MINUTES.
Edges should be starting to brown; a toothpick inserted in center of bread will come out clean.
Cornbread should be nicely browned. If center is too pale, set the oven to broil and broil until the top is browned -- but watch carefully if you do this!
Leave in skillet, let cool 10-30 minutes, then slice into wedges.
TIP: USE OVEN MITT or put a handle cover on the skillet handle.
_________________________________________
Sites with similar or more recipes...
http://magnoliadays.com/2012/cornbread/
http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/southern_cornbread/
Sunday, July 24, 2016
Civil War Links
The Battles for Chickamauga, High Command Politics, National Park Service
contains a breakdown of the corps of the Union Army and Army of the Cumberland;
Five elements: Crittenden XXI Corps; Thomas's XIV Corps, Alex McCook's XX Corps (Union Army); David S. Stanley's Cavalry Corps (Army of the Cumberland); and Gordon Granger's Reserve Corps. https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/civil_war_series/10/sec2.htm
The Role of Union Cavalry in the Chickamauga Campaign
Major John J. Londa (Master's thesis, United States Military Academy, 1978; pub. Ft. Leavenworth, 1991) contains a further breakdown of Stanley's Cavalry Corps, into two divisions of three brigades each, with several officers pertinent to my own Civil War project; namely, A.P. Campbell, E.M. McCook, and Eli Long. Two other officers, Watkins and Lowe, are less often mentioned in my particular sources). See pages 22 and 24 for organization charts. http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a241432.pdf
The Role of Union Cavalry in the Atlanta Campaign
Major Robert Blake Leach (Master's Thesis, University of Kentucky, 1980; pub. Ft. Leavenworth, 1994) is a helpful summary. It makes a significant point about technological advances during the Civil War, which began to impact the traditional role of cavalry.
http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a284554.pdf
The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies: Full Text Copies of All 128 Volumes, Presented by Cornell University
http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/m/moawar/waro.html
LINK NOT CURRENTLY WORKING FOR ME...? "INTERNAL SERVER ERROR." ??? TOO MANY CALLS...?
Author: United States. War Dept.
Title: The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies
Other Title: Official records of the Union and Confederate armies
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Place of Publication: Washington
MoA Volumes: Series I, 1-53; Series II, 1-8; Series III, 1-5; Series IV, 1-4 (1880 - 1901)
Congressional Serial Set w/Multiple Reports by A.P. Campbell, E.M. McCook, and Others
The Chickamauga Campaign, Crossing Lookout Mountain, etc.
Via Google eBooks; shortened URL: http://bit.ly/2aAMRe4
First Battle of Dalton Article, Daily Citizen news
http://www.daltondailycitizen.com/news/local_news/civil-war-anniversary-the-battles-for-dalton-feb--/article_570f0d57-60c1-54e1-bcba-a9796657e1aa.html
Pioneer Brigade: Rosecrans' Hand-Picked Engineers
http://www.thecivilwargroup.com/pioneer.html
The Liberty Rifles: Pioneer Brigade
http://www.libertyrifles.org/research/pioneerbrigade.html
The Battle of Chickamauga (Wikipedia)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Chickamauga
A Hundred Battles in the West: St. Louis to Atlanta, 1861-1865. The Second Michigan Cavalry
Full-Text Version, at Archive.org
https://archive.org/details/ahundredbattles00thatrich
Henry Albert Potter Diary (if deep link works)
Seeking Michigan has the document images, but seems to have removed the links for browsing the Civil War database. Path for this link: from the main page, search "Henry Albert Potter."
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/search/searchterm/henry%20albert%20potter/order/nosort
Henry Albert Pottery Diary: Link to the Entry about Sgt. Crotty's Horse.
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p129401coll15/id/5563
1863-12-24 Letter from Henry Albert Potter
December 24, 1863 Potter Letter Page 1
MS 91-480 Henry Albert Potter Collection
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p129401coll15/id/2032
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p129401coll15/id/2032/rec/10
American Civil War: Chattanooga
AmericanCivilWar.com
http://americancivilwar.com/statepic/tn/tn018.html
Lee and Gordon's Mill, near Chickamauga, Walker County, Georgia
http://roadsidegeorgia.com/site/leeandgordonmill.html
PDF: Major General James Scott Negley and His Division at Chickamauga: A Historical Analysis [THESIS: 131-PAGE PDF DOWNLOADS AUTOMATICALLY WHEN YOU CLICK ON LINK. ]
http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA395223
History of Dekalb County, Alabama, with Description of Rawlingsville
Rawlingsville is now part of northeastern Fort Payne, Alabama. On September 5, 1863, a Federal Cavalry detachment destroyed a saltpeter works at Rawlingsville.
http://www.discoverlookoutmountain.com/history-county-courthouses.shtml
Landmarks of Dekalb County, Alabama
Gives the date for the destruction of the saltpeter works at Rawlingsville.
http://www.landmarksdekalbal.org/history/DeKalbHistory.html
Colonel Eli Long camps at the mill near Waterhouse's Plantation
Long camps at Waterhouse's Mill in Cohutta Springs (west), Murray County, Georgia, February 1864. http://bit.ly/OfficialRecords-I-43-3-Eli-Long
Civil War Links
contains a breakdown of the corps of the Union Army and Army of the Cumberland;
Five elements: Crittenden XXI Corps; Thomas's XIV Corps, Alex McCook's XX Corps (Union Army); David S. Stanley's Cavalry Corps (Army of the Cumberland); and Gordon Granger's Reserve Corps. https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/civil_war_series/10/sec2.htm
The Role of Union Cavalry in the Chickamauga Campaign
Major John J. Londa (Master's thesis, United States Military Academy, 1978; pub. Ft. Leavenworth, 1991) contains a further breakdown of Stanley's Cavalry Corps, into two divisions of three brigades each, with several officers pertinent to my own Civil War project; namely, A.P. Campbell, E.M. McCook, and Eli Long. Two other officers, Watkins and Lowe, are less often mentioned in my particular sources). See pages 22 and 24 for organization charts. http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a241432.pdf
The Role of Union Cavalry in the Atlanta Campaign
Major Robert Blake Leach (Master's Thesis, University of Kentucky, 1980; pub. Ft. Leavenworth, 1994) is a helpful summary. It makes a significant point about technological advances during the Civil War, which began to impact the traditional role of cavalry.
http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a284554.pdf
The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies: Full Text Copies of All 128 Volumes, Presented by Cornell University
http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/m/moawar/waro.html
LINK NOT CURRENTLY WORKING FOR ME...? "INTERNAL SERVER ERROR." ??? TOO MANY CALLS...?
Author: United States. War Dept.
Title: The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies
Other Title: Official records of the Union and Confederate armies
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Place of Publication: Washington
MoA Volumes: Series I, 1-53; Series II, 1-8; Series III, 1-5; Series IV, 1-4 (1880 - 1901)
Congressional Serial Set w/Multiple Reports by A.P. Campbell, E.M. McCook, and Others
The Chickamauga Campaign, Crossing Lookout Mountain, etc.
Via Google eBooks; shortened URL: http://bit.ly/2aAMRe4
First Battle of Dalton Article, Daily Citizen news
http://www.daltondailycitizen.com/news/local_news/civil-war-anniversary-the-battles-for-dalton-feb--/article_570f0d57-60c1-54e1-bcba-a9796657e1aa.html
Pioneer Brigade: Rosecrans' Hand-Picked Engineers
http://www.thecivilwargroup.com/pioneer.html
The Liberty Rifles: Pioneer Brigade
http://www.libertyrifles.org/research/pioneerbrigade.html
The Battle of Chickamauga (Wikipedia)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Chickamauga
A Hundred Battles in the West: St. Louis to Atlanta, 1861-1865. The Second Michigan Cavalry
Full-Text Version, at Archive.org
https://archive.org/details/ahundredbattles00thatrich
Henry Albert Potter Diary (if deep link works)
Seeking Michigan has the document images, but seems to have removed the links for browsing the Civil War database. Path for this link: from the main page, search "Henry Albert Potter."
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/search/searchterm/henry%20albert%20potter/order/nosort
Henry Albert Pottery Diary: Link to the Entry about Sgt. Crotty's Horse.
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p129401coll15/id/5563
1863-12-24 Letter from Henry Albert Potter
December 24, 1863 Potter Letter Page 1
MS 91-480 Henry Albert Potter Collection
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p129401coll15/id/2032
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p129401coll15/id/2032/rec/10
American Civil War: Chattanooga
AmericanCivilWar.com
http://americancivilwar.com/statepic/tn/tn018.html
Lee and Gordon's Mill, near Chickamauga, Walker County, Georgia
http://roadsidegeorgia.com/site/leeandgordonmill.html
PDF: Major General James Scott Negley and His Division at Chickamauga: A Historical Analysis [THESIS: 131-PAGE PDF DOWNLOADS AUTOMATICALLY WHEN YOU CLICK ON LINK. ]
http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA395223
History of Dekalb County, Alabama, with Description of Rawlingsville
Rawlingsville is now part of northeastern Fort Payne, Alabama. On September 5, 1863, a Federal Cavalry detachment destroyed a saltpeter works at Rawlingsville.
http://www.discoverlookoutmountain.com/history-county-courthouses.shtml
Landmarks of Dekalb County, Alabama
Gives the date for the destruction of the saltpeter works at Rawlingsville.
http://www.landmarksdekalbal.org/history/DeKalbHistory.html
Colonel Eli Long camps at the mill near Waterhouse's Plantation
Long camps at Waterhouse's Mill in Cohutta Springs (west), Murray County, Georgia, February 1864. http://bit.ly/OfficialRecords-I-43-3-Eli-Long
Civil War Links
The Battles for Chickamauga, High Command Politics, National Park Service
contains a breakdown of the corps of the Union Army and Army of the Cumberland;
Five elements: Crittenden XXI Corps; Thomas's XIV Corps, Alex McCook's XX Corps (Union Army); David S. Stanley's Cavalry Corps (Army of the Cumberland); and Gordon Granger's Reserve Corps. https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/civil_war_series/10/sec2.htm
The Role of Union Cavalry in the Chickamauga Campaign
Major John J. Londa (Master's thesis, United States Military Academy, 1978; pub. Ft. Leavenworth, 1991) contains a further breakdown of Stanley's Cavalry Corps, into two divisions of three brigades each, with several officers pertinent to my own Civil War project; namely, A.P. Campbell, E.M. McCook, and Eli Long. Two other officers, Watkins and Lowe, are less often mentioned in my particular sources). See pages 22 and 24 for organization charts. http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a241432.pdf
The Role of Union Cavalry in the Atlanta Campaign
Major Robert Blake Leach (Master's Thesis, University of Kentucky, 1980; pub. Ft. Leavenworth, 1994) is a helpful summary. It makes a significant point about technological advances during the Civil War, which began to impact the traditional role of cavalry.
http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a284554.pdf
20th Corps (McCook's)
The Civil War Archive, Union Corps Histories, "20th Corps (McCook's)."
[citing "Regimental Losses in the American Civil War (1861-1865)" - William Fox] [The Civil War Archive 1998-2000; page updated 04 Aug. 2001]
http://web.archive.org/web/20050318195432/http://www.civilwararchive.com:80/CORPS/20thmcc.htm
The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies: Full Text Copies of All 128 Volumes, Presented by Cornell University
http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/m/moawar/waro.html
LINK NOT CURRENTLY WORKING FOR ME...? "INTERNAL SERVER ERROR." ??? TOO MANY CALLS...?
Author: United States. War Dept.
Title: The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies
Other Title: Official records of the Union and Confederate armies
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Place of Publication: Washington
MoA Volumes: Series I, 1-53; Series II, 1-8; Series III, 1-5; Series IV, 1-4 (1880 - 1901)
Congressional Serial Set w/Multiple Reports by A.P. Campbell, E.M. McCook, and Others
The Chickamauga Campaign, Crossing Lookout Mountain, etc.
Via Google eBooks; shortened URL: http://bit.ly/2aAMRe4
First Battle of Dalton Article, Daily Citizen news
http://www.daltondailycitizen.com/news/local_news/civil-war-anniversary-the-battles-for-dalton-feb--/article_570f0d57-60c1-54e1-bcba-a9796657e1aa.html
Pioneer Brigade: Rosecrans' Hand-Picked Engineers
http://www.thecivilwargroup.com/pioneer.html
The Liberty Rifles: Pioneer Brigade
http://www.libertyrifles.org/research/pioneerbrigade.html
The Battle of Chickamauga (Wikipedia)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Chickamauga
A Hundred Battles in the West: St. Louis to Atlanta, 1861-1865. The Second Michigan Cavalry
Full-Text Version, at Archive.org
https://archive.org/details/ahundredbattles00thatrich
Henry Albert Potter Diary (if deep link works)
Seeking Michigan has the document images, but seems to have removed the links for browsing the Civil War database. Path for this link: from the main page, search "Henry Albert Potter."
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/search/searchterm/henry%20albert%20potter/order/nosort
Henry Albert Pottery Diary: Link to the Entry about Sgt. Crotty's Horse.
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p129401coll15/id/5563
1863-12-24 Letter from Henry Albert Potter
December 24, 1863 Potter Letter Page 1
MS 91-480 Henry Albert Potter Collection
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p129401coll15/id/2032
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p129401coll15/id/2032/rec/10
American Civil War: Chattanooga
AmericanCivilWar.com
http://americancivilwar.com/statepic/tn/tn018.html
Lee and Gordon's Mill, near Chickamauga, Walker County, Georgia
http://roadsidegeorgia.com/site/leeandgordonmill.html
PDF: Major General James Scott Negley and His Division at Chickamauga: A Historical Analysis [THESIS: 131-PAGE PDF DOWNLOADS AUTOMATICALLY WHEN YOU CLICK ON LINK. ]
http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA395223
History of Dekalb County, Alabama, with Description of Rawlingsville
Rawlingsville is now part of northeastern Fort Payne, Alabama. On September 5, 1863, a Federal Cavalry detachment destroyed a saltpeter works at Rawlingsville.
http://www.discoverlookoutmountain.com/history-county-courthouses.shtml
Landmarks of Dekalb County, Alabama
Gives the date for the destruction of the saltpeter works at Rawlingsville.
http://www.landmarksdekalbal.org/history/DeKalbHistory.html
Colonel Eli Long camps at the mill near Waterhouse's Plantation
Long camps at Waterhouse's Mill in Cohutta Springs (west), Murray County, Georgia, February 1864. http://bit.ly/OfficialRecords-I-43-3-Eli-Long
http://files.usgwarchives.net/tn/statewide/military/civilwar/other/u1sttncav320nmt.txt
Civil War Links
contains a breakdown of the corps of the Union Army and Army of the Cumberland;
Five elements: Crittenden XXI Corps; Thomas's XIV Corps, Alex McCook's XX Corps (Union Army); David S. Stanley's Cavalry Corps (Army of the Cumberland); and Gordon Granger's Reserve Corps. https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/civil_war_series/10/sec2.htm
The Role of Union Cavalry in the Chickamauga Campaign
Major John J. Londa (Master's thesis, United States Military Academy, 1978; pub. Ft. Leavenworth, 1991) contains a further breakdown of Stanley's Cavalry Corps, into two divisions of three brigades each, with several officers pertinent to my own Civil War project; namely, A.P. Campbell, E.M. McCook, and Eli Long. Two other officers, Watkins and Lowe, are less often mentioned in my particular sources). See pages 22 and 24 for organization charts. http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a241432.pdf
The Role of Union Cavalry in the Atlanta Campaign
Major Robert Blake Leach (Master's Thesis, University of Kentucky, 1980; pub. Ft. Leavenworth, 1994) is a helpful summary. It makes a significant point about technological advances during the Civil War, which began to impact the traditional role of cavalry.
http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a284554.pdf
20th Corps (McCook's)
The Civil War Archive, Union Corps Histories, "20th Corps (McCook's)."
[citing "Regimental Losses in the American Civil War (1861-1865)" - William Fox] [The Civil War Archive 1998-2000; page updated 04 Aug. 2001]
http://web.archive.org/web/20050318195432/http://www.civilwararchive.com:80/CORPS/20thmcc.htm
The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies: Full Text Copies of All 128 Volumes, Presented by Cornell University
http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/m/moawar/waro.html
LINK NOT CURRENTLY WORKING FOR ME...? "INTERNAL SERVER ERROR." ??? TOO MANY CALLS...?
Author: United States. War Dept.
Title: The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies
Other Title: Official records of the Union and Confederate armies
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Place of Publication: Washington
MoA Volumes: Series I, 1-53; Series II, 1-8; Series III, 1-5; Series IV, 1-4 (1880 - 1901)
Congressional Serial Set w/Multiple Reports by A.P. Campbell, E.M. McCook, and Others
The Chickamauga Campaign, Crossing Lookout Mountain, etc.
Via Google eBooks; shortened URL: http://bit.ly/2aAMRe4
First Battle of Dalton Article, Daily Citizen news
http://www.daltondailycitizen.com/news/local_news/civil-war-anniversary-the-battles-for-dalton-feb--/article_570f0d57-60c1-54e1-bcba-a9796657e1aa.html
Pioneer Brigade: Rosecrans' Hand-Picked Engineers
http://www.thecivilwargroup.com/pioneer.html
The Liberty Rifles: Pioneer Brigade
http://www.libertyrifles.org/research/pioneerbrigade.html
The Battle of Chickamauga (Wikipedia)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Chickamauga
A Hundred Battles in the West: St. Louis to Atlanta, 1861-1865. The Second Michigan Cavalry
Full-Text Version, at Archive.org
https://archive.org/details/ahundredbattles00thatrich
Henry Albert Potter Diary (if deep link works)
Seeking Michigan has the document images, but seems to have removed the links for browsing the Civil War database. Path for this link: from the main page, search "Henry Albert Potter."
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/search/searchterm/henry%20albert%20potter/order/nosort
Henry Albert Pottery Diary: Link to the Entry about Sgt. Crotty's Horse.
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p129401coll15/id/5563
1863-12-24 Letter from Henry Albert Potter
December 24, 1863 Potter Letter Page 1
MS 91-480 Henry Albert Potter Collection
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p129401coll15/id/2032
http://seekingmichigan.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p129401coll15/id/2032/rec/10
American Civil War: Chattanooga
AmericanCivilWar.com
http://americancivilwar.com/statepic/tn/tn018.html
Lee and Gordon's Mill, near Chickamauga, Walker County, Georgia
http://roadsidegeorgia.com/site/leeandgordonmill.html
PDF: Major General James Scott Negley and His Division at Chickamauga: A Historical Analysis [THESIS: 131-PAGE PDF DOWNLOADS AUTOMATICALLY WHEN YOU CLICK ON LINK. ]
http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA395223
History of Dekalb County, Alabama, with Description of Rawlingsville
Rawlingsville is now part of northeastern Fort Payne, Alabama. On September 5, 1863, a Federal Cavalry detachment destroyed a saltpeter works at Rawlingsville.
http://www.discoverlookoutmountain.com/history-county-courthouses.shtml
Landmarks of Dekalb County, Alabama
Gives the date for the destruction of the saltpeter works at Rawlingsville.
http://www.landmarksdekalbal.org/history/DeKalbHistory.html
Colonel Eli Long camps at the mill near Waterhouse's Plantation
Long camps at Waterhouse's Mill in Cohutta Springs (west), Murray County, Georgia, February 1864. http://bit.ly/OfficialRecords-I-43-3-Eli-Long
http://files.usgwarchives.net/tn/statewide/military/civilwar/other/u1sttncav320nmt.txt
Thursday, May 12, 2016
Sites for Epitaphs, Memorial Verses, Poems, and Genealogy Memorials
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~inallcem/tombstone-sayings.html
http://www.everlifememorials.com/v/headstones/epitaphs-classics.htm
https://stoneletters.com/blog/memorial-quotes-headstone-epitaphs
http://www.quincymemorials.com/epitaphs.html
http://epitaphorigins.info/verses.htm
Little Angels, Epitaphs for children:
http://www.little-angels.biz/inscriptions.html
Birth and Death Date Calculator
http://www.searchforancestors.com/utility/birthday.html
http://www.everlifememorials.com/v/headstones/epitaphs-classics.htm
https://stoneletters.com/blog/memorial-quotes-headstone-epitaphs
http://www.quincymemorials.com/epitaphs.html
http://epitaphorigins.info/verses.htm
Little Angels, Epitaphs for children:
http://www.little-angels.biz/inscriptions.html
Birth and Death Date Calculator
http://www.searchforancestors.com/utility/birthday.html
Wednesday, December 23, 2015
Links to Vintage Christmas Graphics
https://anthologio.wordpress.com/2013/12/31/an-old-fashioned-christmas-pinterest/
Thursday, January 1, 2015
Schistosoma Images (Link)
http://bit.ly/GoogleSearch-Schistosoma-images
Fungi
Fungi include one-celled yeasts slightly bigger than bacteria, and multi-celled mushrooms and molds.
Fungi do not have chlorophyll to make their own food, so they get their nutrition as parasites or by breaking down remains of dead plants or animals. Some fungi are poisonous (e.g., Amanita mushrooms), but some have beneficial uses. For example, Penicillium notatum produces the antibiotic penicillin and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the yeast used to make bread rise and to brew beer. Fungal diseases are called mycoses and include:
Aspergillosis - infection of sinuses and lungs
Blastomycosis - skin and pulmonary infections
Candidiasis - cutaneous and vaginal infections. Candida albicans is the most common cause of vaginal yeast infections.
Coccidioidomycosis - may cause cough, chest pain, shortness of breath
Cryptococcosis - may be transmitted in pigeon droppings
Multicellular parasites
Multicellular parasites include various kinds of worms and fungi that cause diseases such as:
Ascariasis (roundworms)
Hookworm
Lymphatic filariasis or elephantiasis (transmitted by mosquitos)
Pinworm
Schistosomiasis (liver or blood flukes)
Tapeworm
Trichinosis - a disease caused by consumption of poorly cooked meat that contains cysts of Trichinella spiralis.
Tinea corporis, tinea pedis (ringworm, athlete's foot)
Fungi include one-celled yeasts slightly bigger than bacteria, and multi-celled mushrooms and molds.
Fungi do not have chlorophyll to make their own food, so they get their nutrition as parasites or by breaking down remains of dead plants or animals. Some fungi are poisonous (e.g., Amanita mushrooms), but some have beneficial uses. For example, Penicillium notatum produces the antibiotic penicillin and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the yeast used to make bread rise and to brew beer. Fungal diseases are called mycoses and include:
Aspergillosis - infection of sinuses and lungs
Blastomycosis - skin and pulmonary infections
Candidiasis - cutaneous and vaginal infections. Candida albicans is the most common cause of vaginal yeast infections.
Coccidioidomycosis - may cause cough, chest pain, shortness of breath
Cryptococcosis - may be transmitted in pigeon droppings
Multicellular parasites
Multicellular parasites include various kinds of worms and fungi that cause diseases such as:
Ascariasis (roundworms)
Hookworm
Lymphatic filariasis or elephantiasis (transmitted by mosquitos)
Pinworm
Schistosomiasis (liver or blood flukes)
Tapeworm
Trichinosis - a disease caused by consumption of poorly cooked meat that contains cysts of Trichinella spiralis.
Tinea corporis, tinea pedis (ringworm, athlete's foot)
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